Results for area 1 Basic terms and concepts
data type of atomic nature
indication of whether the object class is purely abstract or can be instantiated with member objects;
abstract object classes typically have non-abstract specializations
functional entity providing multiplexing and demultiplexing functionality for data and session control commands
issue with particles of solid and liquid material ranging from 1nm to 100μm, which remain for some time in the air
data concept that defines a grouping of data elements and/or data frames
especially active, vigorous advocate of a cause, especially a political cause
systematic detection, identification, and evaluation of threats
process by which personal information (PI) is irreversibly altered in such a way that an Individual or a legal entity can no longer be identified directly or indirectly either by the controller alone or in collaboration with any other party
personal information that has been subject to a process of anonymisation and that by any means can no longer be used to identify an Individual or legal entity
roadside equipment that communicates with the roadside units such as signal controllers and the in-vehicle units using radio signals
mobility app that provides information about current travel conditions to a transport user
internal architectural component of the SNMP architecture as defined in IETF RFC 3411
NOTE 1 to entry Defined SNMP applications include the command generator, command responder, notification
originator, notification receiver, and proxy forwarder.
mobility app that assists a transport user in using a public transport system
NOTE 1 to entry A public transport app can include features such as viewing maps, searching routes and schedules, real-time arrival information, ticketing, electronic boarding pass, etc.
top layer of the OSI seven-layer model as defined in ISO/IEC 7498-4
NOTE This layer defines the structure and format of the data packet content along with the rules and procedures for exchanging data packets.
bus master, which controls flow of data transmission on the bus and/or polls the bus members (slaves)
NOTE Intelligent network node should be able to include bus arbiter functionality. No separate bus arbiters requested, as software may be included in node-software.
semantic relationship between two object classes
defining aspect of a value
addressable package of data consisting of a single data element or structured sequences of data elements
descriptive information of services
physical traffic separator that consists of a wall with a wide, sloped base designed to divert vehicles back into their traffic lane
NOTE 1 to entry Jersey barriers are typically modular. They are typically made of concrete but can also be made with other materials such as plastic filled with water or sand.
network operating using an air-interface capable of bi-directional transfer of data and or voice
NOTE 1 to entry There are different types of wireless communications such as PAN, LAN, cellular network, etc.
preservation of confidentiality, integrity, availability, authenticity, accountability, non-repudiation and reliability of information
entity that is responsible for the definition, implementation or enforcement of security policy
protection of information and data against danger, damage, degradation of quality, loss and criminal activity so that unauthorized persons or systems cannot read or modify them and authorized persons or systems are not denied access to them
NOTE 1 to entry Security has to be compared to related concepts: Safety, continuity, reliability. The key difference between security and reliability is that security must take into account the actions of people attempting to cause destruction.
set of rules that regulate how to handle security threats or define the appropriate security level
characterization of security requirements
unpaved part of the roadside designed for travel safety purposes
NOTE 1 to entry A verge can separate two lanes of different modes, separate a traffic lane from a ditch, or separate a lane from another safety hazard.
NOTE 2 to entry Roadside, shoulder and verge define similar but slightly different concepts.
material entity that was or is a living organism
averaged number of erroneous bits relative to the total number of transmitted bits
family of functions and their inverse functions that is parameterized by cryptographic keys
NOTE 1 to entry The functions map bit strings of a fixed length to bit strings of the same length.
specific point location that is thought useful or interesting
EXAMPLE A point on the Earth’s representing the location of a monument or of hotels, campsites, fuel stations or any other categories often used in navigation systems.
NOTE 1 to entry A POI may lie outside the road network. An access point is a point on the road network in order to access this POI.
may be an actual instantiation of equipment performing a conformance test process ‘live’, using ‘live’ equipment or may be equipment/systems that simulate behaviour of equipment at the point being tested in order to stimulate or observe the behaviour resultant from the stimulation and note the result of that stimulation
wireless communications network consisting of multiple adjacent access points (cells) with the capability of homogeneous transfer of a communications session instance to an adjacent cell without significant interruption to the session
application layer and the communication profile for CAN-based networks
ITS component that provides application, management, and/or administrative functions from a centralized location [i.e. not at the roadside]
certification authority for which public key certificates are issued by the top-level certification authority
NOTE This definition implies that there can be only one “level” of intermediate certification authorities.
computer or network that meets the requirements of a standardized communications interface over a fixed-point communications network, regardless of whether the centre is the only system within the building or just one of many, or even if the centre is in a remote location
NOTE 1 to entry “Centres” include both government and private sector publishers and users of data.
entity that provides application, management, administrative, and support functions from a fixed
location (the terms “back office” and “centre” are used interchangeably)
NOTE 1 to entry Centre is, traditionally, a transportation-focused term, evoking management centres to support
transportation needs, while back office generally refers to commercial applications; from the perspective of this
Technical Report, these are considered the same.
natural or legal person trusted to create public key certificates
NOTE See also top-level certification authority and intermediate certification authority.
certificate public key information of an entity signed by the certification authority and therefore rendered unforgeable
NOTE A public key certificate also specifies the role of the entity for which the public key information is provided, e.g. manufacturer or registration authority.
person who is headed to a destination
system or device to which the information in the data packet is intended to be sent
ST set of security requirements and specifications to be used as the basis for evaluation of an identified TOE
value calculated from vehicle speed v and clearance c by τ = c/v
NOTE 1 to entry v is the subject vehicle speed and c the distance between the subject vehicle and the forward vehicle.
device of credit card size incorporating an integrated circuit with microprocessor and memory
data type whose range is a list of predefined values, called enumeration literals
identifier of an application-entity to a transport service in the internet suite of protocols
NOTE The concept of port numbers is often present in OSI literature; however, port numbers are not inter-network standardized, but exist as local network conventions only.
re-interpretable representation of information in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation or processing
NOTE 1 to entry Data can be processed by human or automatic means.
lane designed for the through movement of cycles
NOTE 1 to entry Cycle lanes are typically much narrower than traffic lanes.
NOTE 2 to entry Cycle lanes are typically part of either a carriageway or a cycleway.
NOTE 3 to entry Cycle lanes could also allow and be designed for motorized vehicles (e.g. e-scooters, mopeds, etc.) with similar performance characteristics as human-powered cycles, subject to local regulations.
active communication session created when the in-vehicle equipment at a time of its choosing initialises a time controlled session in order to send a message/exchange data, or it receives an inbound call the session is ended as soon as the task is achieved;
EXAMPLE Such as receipt of a safety message from the infrastructure.
information about services, which is supplied by third party data providers (e.g. tourist or motoring organizations), typically with a rich content of descriptive data
collection of electronically stored descriptive records or content units (including facts, full texts, pictures, and sound) with a common user interface and software for the etrieval and manipulation of the data
NOTE 1 to entry The units or records are usually collected with a particular intent and are related to a defined topic. A database can be issued on CD-ROM, diskette, or other direct-access method, or as a computer file accessed through dial-up methods or through the Internet.
NOTE 2 to entry Licensed databases are counted separately even if access to several licensed database products is effected through the same interface.
NOTE 3 to entry A common interface providing access to a packet of serials or digital documents, usually offered by a publisher or vendor, is also to be counted as database. Additionally, the single serials or digital documents are counted as serials or digital documents.
entity of data containing enough information to be routed from source to destination without relying on previous network configuration
EXAMPLE IP datagram.
class of closely related attributes
object for data storage that can be considered as a physically undivided whole
EXAMPLE One floppy disk, one magnetic tape, a CD, or a DVD.
description of the organization of data in a manner that reflects an information structure
NOTE See also information model.
entity of data that can be sent between end-application systems in order to exchange information
NOTE A data packet relates to the Application Layer of the OSI stack and may be broken into several pieces by lower layer protocols.
specific grouping of data elements that describes information of interest through a useful grouping of more atomic properties about one or more classes
NOTE 1 to entry The grouping can be a set, sequence or a choice.
NOTE 2 to entry A data frame can contain other data frames.
set of distinct values, characterized by properties of those values and by operations on those values
unit of data that is considered in a given context to be indivisible and which includes an unambiguous representational form
NOTE 1 to entry This definition states that a data element is “indivisible” in a given context. This means it is possible for a data element considered indivisible in one context [e.g. location] to be divisible in another context (e.g. latitude, longitude, and elevation).
geodetic longitude angle from the prime meridian plane to the meridian plane of a given point, eastward treated as positive
decryption reversal of a corresponding reversible encipherment
mechanism which is used to detect whether a data unit has been modified (either accidentally or intentionally)
bi-directional communication sequence between two parties in accordance with predetermined protocols
NOTE 1 to entry The term “dialog” represents the American English spelling.
NOTE 2 to entry The term “dialogue” can be used when the interface context is known.
electronic “identification card” that establishes user credentials when doing business or other transactions
NOTE 1 to entry This is issued by a certification authority: contains name, a serial number, expiration dates, a copy of the certificate holder’s public key (used for encrypting messages and digital signatures), and the
digital signature of the certificate-issuing authority so that a recipient can verify that the certificate is real.
privacy stakeholder that processes PI on behalf of and in accordance with the instructions of a PI processor
long range communications interface
defined period of time in which the system is available
period after which the data objects can be considered to be no longer valid
time between two instants
uniquely identified unit of information for human use
EXAMPLE A report, specification, manual or book, in printed or electronic form.
NOTE 1 to entry A document can be a single information item, or part of a larger information item.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC/IEEE 15289:2019, 3.1.10]
statement made by the supplier or an implementor of a DUT which contains or references all of the information (in addition to that given in the implementation conformance statement) related to the DUT and its testing environment, which will enable the test laboratory to run an appropriate test suite against the DUT
specific area to which a policy applies
EXAMPLE Security, message transmission reliability.
an assessment of the impact that an event or operator action defined by the situation record has on the driving conditions
speed set by an authority which it considers appropriate to the road, traffic, or environmental conditions
being experienced
transportation movement of people and goods from one location to another performed by modes, such as air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline and and the field comprises the attributes of infrastructure, vehicles, and operations
traffic condition where the driver, at lower speed, repeatedly starts, follows a forward vehicle, and stops in order to keep a proper following distance behind the forward vehicle
Network management action which is applicable to the road network and its users.
part of the roadway that is currently intended for transport purposes
NOTE 1 to entry The travelled way does not include hard shoulders, hardstanding3.1.17), or other areas that are not currently intended for normal operational use. In other words, while these other areas are “designed” for transport purposes, they are not “intended” for normal transport purposes (at present); rather these extra areas exist for safety and other exceptional use conditions.
NOTE 2 to entry While the limits of the roadway are defined by the design of the physical infrastructure and are generally static; the limits of the travelled way can be dynamic, such as in the case of a hard shoulder for emergency use3.4.1) being converted into hard shoulder running3.4.2) operation.
transport means to effect the land transport sector(s) of a cargo
the central system that controls the functions of traffic data collection, signal control, and information service based on collected data, etc.
system of infrastructure elements and optionally vehicles that are jointly designed to move material entities from an origin to a destination
NOTE 1 to entry Transport systems can also include any supporting system, such as information and control systems.
physical traffic control device intended to communicate specific information to road users through a word, symbol, and/or arrow legend
NOTE 1 to entry Road signs do not include highway traffic signals, pavement markings, delineators, or channelization devices.
the downlink refers to that portion of a communications link used for the transmission of information from the infrastructure to each in-vehicle unit
traditional permanent ‘wired’ connection (although may in reality include microwave and other wireless connections)
property that information is not made available or disclosed to unauthorized individuals, entities, or processes
security authority or its agent trusted by other entities with respect to security-related activities
<transport service> concurrent operation where transported items can only be received or delivered at stopping points within a pre-defined service corridor
EXAMPLE Airport shuttle.
NOTE 1 to entry The service corridor is defined by the provider, who may impose further restrictions on where stops are allowed.
NOTE 2 to entry The service corridor often includes a communal point of interest (e.g. an airport, transit hub, etc.) as a fixed stopping point.
vehicle that is (partly) electrically powered and operated
NOTE 1 to entry With respect to the TPEG requirements, other electric vehicles such as e-bikes are considered.
NOTE 2 to entry EV batteries can typically be charged at any regular power socket. In case fast charging is required, e.g. during longer journeys, higher demands on the technical infrastructure are made. Specific sockets and high-power connector cables have been developed to allow a simple and secure usage of boost charging stations. It is necessary for the end user to know which options are supported by a charging station. EVs may have an “identity” for electronic readout, e.g. by means of a certificate. Also, other information which can be communicated by an EV to the infrastructure may be relevant for the execution and planning of charging orders. The current battery charge condition, the power requirements during the charging procedure, as well as the cruising range are parameters that may be relevant for the planning of charging orders. The vehicle and charging station can communicate using a connector cable, but also other mechanisms are possible, e.g. using the back-end system of an EV manufacturer, to which an EV is connected (using mobile data connection).
device on-board a commercial vehicle used to record driver information such as hours of service
concrete or abstract thing that exists, did exist, or can possibly exist, including associations among these things
describe different environmental component properties/specifications
specific combination of physical and data link layer protocols as defined in IEEE 802.3 that allow multiple systems to gain access to a shared medium and communicate with one another
recommended terrestrial reference system for Europe and coincident with ITRS at the epoch 1989
NOTE Unlike ITRS, ETRS is centred on the stable part of the European plate and not subject to change due to continental drift in most of Europe.
part of a traffic signal cycle during which, signal indications are stable and do not change
NOTE 1 to entry In the SPaT message, the current timing value for the remaining interval time estimate, as well as the anticipated interval for yellow change (clearance) interval, is provided for each lane.
NOTE 2 to entry Because signal interval times commonly change based on triggering events in many types of signalling systems, the value provided in the SPaT message may represent a minimal value that is extended and updated as the message is re-transmitted in real time.
dynamic information related to traffic signal-controlled intersections belonging to a road network.
economic framework for the agreement between a service provider and a user
overall intention and direction as formally expressed by management
document, in the form of a questionnaire, which when completed for an IUT becomes an implementation extra information for testing
document, in the form of a questionnaire, which when completed for an implementation or system becomes an implementation conformance statement
certification scheme for mobile phones and wireless devices that are based on 3GPP standards; GCF aims to ensure that a mobile device will work effectively on mobile networks anywhere in the world
function performed by the transfer kernel to map one ASDU on multiple LSDUs
NOTE1 In ISO/IEC 7498-1, fragmentation is called segmentation.
NOTE2 The inverse function is called defragmentation or, in ISO/IEC 7498-1, disassembling.
safeguards to deny access to unauthorized personnel (including attackers or even accidental intruders) from physically accessing a building, facility, resource, or stored information (this can include simply a locked door, badge access controls, or armed security guards)
one of the sequences of two (or three) numbers designating the position of a point, expressed in geodetic latitude, geodetic longitude and (in the three-dimensional case) ellipsoidal or gravity-related height
intended effect of a system, subsystem, product, or part
NOTE 1 to entry Functions should have a single definite purpose. Function names should have a declarative structure (e.g. “Validate telecommands”) and say “what” is to be done rather than “how”. Good naming allows design components with strong cohesion to be easily derived.
mechanism used to physically separate carriageways
NOTE 1 to entry Mechanisms include various types of barriers, such as walls, rails, pylons, kerbs and ditches, as well as open, unpaved . If two streams of traffic are only separated by paved (including any markings and rumble strips), they share a common carriageway.
taxonomic relationship between a more general element and a more specific element where the more specific element is fully consistent with the more general element and contains additional information
NOTE 1 to entry The more general class is referred to as the superclass.
NOTE 2 to entry The more specific class is referred to as the subclass.
NOTE 3 to entry “Fully consistent” means that the subclass has all of the properties and relationships of the superclass.
geocodes are unique identifiers unmistakably defining important points on road networks; geocodes can be derived from /converted into WGS 84 co-ordinates by the algorithm described in CEN/TS 14821-3
design sprint-like event in which computer programmers and others involved in software development, including graphic designers, interface designers, project managers, and others, often including subject-matter-experts, collaborate intensively on software projects with the goal to create usable software
NOTE 1 to entry Also known as a hack day, hackfest or codefest.
NOTE 2 to entry Hackathons tend to have a specific focus, which can include the programming language used, the operating system, an application, an API, or the subject and the demographic group of the programmers.
string of bits which is the output of a hash-function
data packet sent to indicate that the sending system is still alive and communicating
confidential authentication information, usually composed of a string of characters
process by which a communication link is switched from one virtual communication interface to another one of a different medium type
optional indication of the correctness and accuracy of the attributes of the vigilance information
NOTE 1 to entry The exact definition of the levels strongly depends on the offer of the vendor as well as the needs of the customer and hence is a matter of negotiation.
function which maps strings of bits to fixed-length strings of bits, satisfying the following two properties: a) for a given output, it is computationally infeasible to find an input which maps to this output; and b) for a given output, it is computationally infeasible to find a second input which maps to the same output
NOTE Computational feasibility depends on the specific security requirements and environment.
information from a system user identifying suspicious behaviour from another system user that can be
characterized as misbehaviour
heavy-duty commercial vehicle tractor unit which serves as a method of moving trailers (most often semi-trailers) by coupling to the trailer using some sort of mechanical lock system, usually a fifth wheel coupling
NOTE Tractor units can couple to different types of trailers.
entity that occupies three-dimensional
NOTE 1 to entry All material entities have certain characteristics that can be described and therefore this concept is important for ontology purposes.
systematic process of determining how individuals, procedures, systems or programs have met formally agreed objectives and requirements
process by which a communication link is switched from one virtual communication interface to another one of the same medium type
borderline of the lane that is determined by a visible lane marking; and in the absence of a visible lane marking, by incidental visible road features or other means such as GPS, magnetic nails, etc
NOTE 1 to entry In the case of a visible lane marking, the boundary is at the center thereof.
potential cause of an unwanted information security incident, which may result in harm
person who is travelling on foot
lane primarily designed for the movement of pedestrians
NOTE 1 to entry A paved footway is called a “pavement” in the British English.
NOTE 2 to entry Regulations typically allow footways to be used by other ultra-low speed users, such as the users of wheelchairs and strollers.
message that indicates issues with cross-jurisdictional compatibility, scope coverage service or service availability
percentage of falsehoods
unambiguously distinguishes an attribute from all other attributes within the same element
conditions which result in a data subject being identified, directly or indirectly, on the basis of a given set of PI
set of attributes which makes it possible to identify, contact or locate the data subject
rights of an invididual to have access to personal data held about the individual and ability to challenge and correct such data
knowledge or data that has value to the stakeholder
abstract, formal representation of many kinds of real-world objects, e.g. business documents, orders, transportation mechanisms, e.g. trucks, containers, ship bays, and/or abstract objects, e.g. for the entities used in a billing system
NOTE 1 to entry The objects have a name, properties and relationships to other objects. An information model provides a means to describe the information in a domain of interest without constraining how that description is mapped to an actual implementation in software.
information that is exchanged between physical objects
hierarchy of “certification authorities” to allow individuals and organizations to identify each other for the purpose of doing business electronically
procedure used to establish communication between an RSU and a newly arrived OBU
conformity evaluation by observation and judgement accompanied, as appropriate, by measurement, testing, or gauging
occurrence of a message containing the actual values for the data elements and/or data frames
software that provides comprehensive facilities for application development
small piece of semiconductive material that contains interconnected electronic elements
infrastructure-based ITS component located outside of a data centre that is designed to provide local processing or routing services while stationary
EXAMPLE Traffic detector, camera, signal controller, message sign, tolling station.
NOTE 1 to entry Typically, field systems are located along the roadside.
NOTE 2 to entry Typically, the operation of a field system is governed by management functions running in a centre system.
NOTE 3 to entry Field systems can be permanently installed or transportable.
Note 4 to entry The term “roadside system” is typically used to describe field systems along a roadside but can also be used to refer to kiosks.
system comprised of information, communication, sensor and control technologies and that is designed to benefit a surface transport system
NOTE 1 to entry “Intelligent transportation system” is the American English equivalent.
NOTE 2 to entry Benefits potentially include, but are not limited to, increased safety, sustainability, efficiency and comfort.
NOTE 3 to entry The full term (i.e. “intelligent transport system”) is often used when the noun is used as a subject, whereas the abbreviation (i.e. “ITS”) is often used to modify another noun (e.g. “Intelligent transport systems provide ITS services.”).
an information telephone call, typically automated
movement of goods in one or more loading unit(s) or vehicle(s) which uses successively several modes of transport without handling of the goods themselves when changing modes
ability of two or more systems, or components to exchange information and then to be able to use the information that has been exchanged
ability of two or more pieces of equipment to operate in conjunction
interval of data update
realization of an ITS service that involves an association of two or more complementary ITS-S application processes
part of connected roadside equipment that provides wireless connectivity to vehicle systems and/or personal systems
physical object that has been assigned one or more functional objects in the provision of one or more ITS services
NOTE 1 to entry Physical objects are ITS components if they are an integral part of the system; otherwise they are terminators.
functionality that fulfils one or more ITS user need
system that receives and processes vehicular and pedestrian information within a certain zone and determines the situation, in order to provide the safety warning and parking guide service to vehicles and pedestrians, and that is installed at the road side
vehicle ITS station implementation of an ITS-S in a vehicular ITS subsystem
one who directly receives and can act on ITS data or control products
NOTE 1 to entry An ITS user is one who receives, directly or indirectly, or provides to, the transaction of an ITS service; these users of ITS services must be human, external systems, or another source of data, e.g. detection equipment.
field system that performs localized ITS services
EXAMPLE traffic signal controller, variable message sign, vehicle detection
NOTE 1 to entry ITS services that can be performed by ITS roadside equipment include surveillance, traffic control, information provision, payment transaction services, and/or enforcement
NOTE 2 to entry “ITS roadway equipment” is used within the current version of the Architecture Reference for Cooperative and Intelligent Transportation (ARC-IT; see Reference [25]). The term roadway has been revised to reflect that the equipment is typically along the roadway rather than a part of the roadway.
<WS-SecurityPolicy> language that is used to expresses domain specific policy and/or an instance of a web service requirement and policy attachment to relevant WSDL constructs
vehicle meeting the legal requirements to operate in cycle lanes and cycleways
NOTE 1 to entry In some countries, other special lanes could also be open to road cycles, such as bus lanes.
human-powered vehicle not meeting the legal requirements to be driven in cycle lanes
really simple syndication comprises a Web feed format used to publish frequently updated sources of information
contiguous area of roadway along a road segment
NOTE 1 to entry A carriageway is comprised of one or more traffic lanes [i.e. the usable width3.1.15)] and could include shoulders and lay-bys.
NOTE 2 to entry Carriageways are separated by physical traffic separators.
NOTE 3 to entry When looking at a cross-section3.1.1) of the road reservation, the roadway consists of all of the carriageways.
area above the roadway that is primarily designed for the movement of vehicles
NOTE 1 to entry In practice, the driving space design considers a variety of issues, which can result in suboptimal road segments that violate normal design guidelines. Such locations are typically posted with warning signs, but they are still designed for the movement of vehicles.
NOTE 2 to entry While the driving space is designed with certain vehicle characteristics in mind, local regulations typically allow a wider set of vehicles to use the driving space.
computer or application that requests and accepts data from a supplier computer or application using a protocol
complete sequence of octets used to represent a data value
circular material entity that rotates about an axle to facilitate movement of the vehicle
vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside
wireless (and in some cases, wireline) networks that facilitate data exchange, including roadside ITS stations where appropriate
layered solution that enables continuous or quasi continuous communications between vehicles and the infrastructure, or between vehicles, using such (multiple) wireless telecommunications media that are available in any particular location, and which have the ability to migrate to a different available media where required and where media selection is at the discretion of user determined parameters by using a suite of standards based on ISO 21217 (CALM architecture) and ISO 21210 (CALM networking) that provide a common platform for a number of standardised media using ITS-stations to provide wireless support for applications, such that the application is independent of any particular wireless medium
roadside equipment that communicates with the in-vehicle units and the roadside units, e.g. beacons and antennas
process or program using the communications stack
encipherment of data within or at the source end system, with the corresponding decipherment occurring only within or at the destination end system
entity that is external to the ITS service implementation but with which the implementation communicates either to obtain inputs or to which it can send outputs
NOTE 1 to entry A terminator can exist within functional and physical views.
citizen or legal entity who exercises or benefits from the services of the transport system
processes and/or procedures for ensuring continued business operations
lamp that is implemented on the dashboard or nomadic device to guide the driver to drive the vehicle in the most economical way
EXAMPLE A green lamp/symbol will indicate high fuel efficiency driving or travelling at a constant speed while a red lamp/symbol will indicate low fuel efficiency, i.e. strong acceleration, sudden braking.
collection of vehicles travelling together, coordinating their operation, e.g. speed, headway, using V2V communications
NOTE 1 to entry Platoons may consist of a mixture of vehicle types or in special circumstances, a single vehicle type such as freight vehicles (e.g. lorries), public safety vehicles, or public transport vehicles.
short range communications interface
cryptographic keys and associated material, either a secret key for a symmetric algorithm, or a private key for an asymmetric algorithm, and the associated public key or certificate
intersection that allows travellers to change roads
<junction> movement from an ingress lane to an egress lane
NOTE 1 to entry The term “maneuver” is the American English spelling.
verification flag indicating whether the data value has been cross verified from one or more additional sources
degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfils requirements
NOTE 1 to entry User requirements can include ease of use, safety, availability, reliability, sturdiness, economy, and environmental safety. Such requirements can be explicit or implicit.
either a hard shoulder or a soft shoulder
NOTE 1 to entry In some jurisdictions, a shoulder can be used for emergency stops and/or other purposes in addition to providing a clear zone for safety purposes.
NOTE 2 to entry Roadside, shoulder, and verge define similar but slightly different concepts
where two or more roads meet or cross
NOTE 1 to entry Intersections can be associated with zero junctions, such as a motorway crossing a road without any connecting ramps, or can be associated with one or more junctions, such as a diamond interchange.
NOTE 2 to entry Complex intersections can be viewed as multiple intersections by providing separate designations for distinct road links. For example, one model could depict a complex intersection as being associated with multiple junctions; another model could depict the same physical infrastructure as being multiple intersections that are interconnected by different roads, each with its own designator (e.g. “ramp from northbound Road A to eastbound Road B”).
acceptable standard of accuracy of personal data
group of parameter (reliability, availability, maintainability) which are able to define the quality of EFC equipment by qualitative and quantitative figures
tests which are performed in a laboratory under specified conditions
specification of a location relative to a linear element as a measurement along that element
the conceptual layer of control or processing logic existing in the hierarchical structure of a station that is responsible for maintaining control of the data link
NOTE The data link layer functions provide an interface between the station higher layer logic and the data link. These functions include address/control field interpretation, channel access and command PDU (protocol data unit) /response PDU generation, transmission and interpretation.
maximum allowed power within a defined frequency band emitted by the RSU transmitter
maximum amount of time a system is given to provide an appropriate response to the incoming data packet
any entity upon which a signal is impressed or from which a signal is received, e.g. wireless or on a wire, radio waves or light, low or high frequency band, modulation scheme
Greek prefix denoting a description that is one level of abstraction above the concept being described
any entity engaged in an economic activity, irrespective of its legal form, that is characterized by number of employees, annual turnover, and/or annual balance sheet which falls below established limits
NOTE 1 to entry Within European Union, fewer than 250 persons, annual turnover not exceeding 50 million euros and annual balance not exceeding 43 million euros. (Commission recommendation of 6 May 2003 concerning the definition of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprise.)
documenting characteristic of a data concept that is provided in a message
NOTE 1 to entry Documenting characteristics are termed “meta-attributes” when stored in a DD, but are termed metadata when provided within the same message instance as the actual value. For example, a data element may
be defined within the DD with a specific unit of measure, such as meters; the Unit of Measure field is a defined meta-attribute. Alternatively, the unit of measure may be defined at runtime within a message, especially for items such as unit of currency. The field within a message that defines the unit of currency for an included value
would be termed “metadata”.
method used to obtain data, for example manual or computation
the method used for calulation or estimation
time since 00:00:00 UTC, 1 January, 2004, identical with UTC except that no leap seconds need to be added
term commonly associated with the standard for incident phrases developed by the SAE ITIS committee in conjunction with ITE TMDD and other standards
NOTE 1 : The ITIS documentation contains a wide variety of standard phrases to describe incidents and is expected to be used throughout the ITS industry. The codes found there can be used for sorting and classifying types of incident events, as well as creating uniform human readable phrases. In the capacity of classifying incident types, ITIS phrases are used in many areas. ITIS phrases can also be freely mixed with text and used to describe many incidents.
assembly of communication parameters of all protocol layers such that a consistent communication protocol is provided
manoeuvre that is vertically separated from one or more manoeuvres that cross its two-dimensional path
junction with at least one grade separated manoeuvre
NOTE 1 to entry The term “interchange” typically refers to the facilities that enable all available manoeuvres at the grade separated intersection, which typically includes multiple junctions.
NOTE 2 to entry The grade separation allows travellers on the link to pass unimpeded through the interchange when congestion is not present.
set of basic messages that are normally used in business-oriented applications
vehicle types (private/personal, trucks, transit, emergency, commercial, maintenance, and construction vehicles) as well as non-vehicle-based platforms including portable personal devices (smartphones, PDAs, tablets, etc.) used by travellers (vehicle operators, passengers, cyclists, pedestrians, etc.) to provide and receive transportation information
mobile communication facility capable of receiving information from the fixed equipment on the downlink and, optionally, also capable of transmitting information to the fixed equipment on the uplink
NOTE The mobile equipment normally corresponds to the vehicle’s communication unit.
representation of an entity from which the important elements have been abstracted by removing unimportant detail while at the same time retaining the interrelationship between the key elements of the whole
NOTE 1 to entry A model may be made more or less abstract by the successive suppression of detail such that the concepts and relationships come into enhanced focus and become more readily understood. However the process can be taken too far when the simplification has exceeded the threshold where a necessary understanding may be achieved. Thus the process of modelling is one of going only far enough to achieve the optimum understanding and insight — and no further.
NOTE 2 to entry A model is a way of representing something, other than in its natural state.
contractual model where the user is a commercial entity
EXAMPLE 1 A business purchasing monthly public transport passes for its employees.
EXAMPLE 2 A commercial entity using a commercial courier service for package delivery.
representation of a road network
NOTE 1 to entry Road models for different systems will often define different models. For example, a public transport system can define road links based on the location of bus stops while a traffic system can define road links based on the location of junctions.
functional object that can be replaced and has defined interfaces
terminal units controlled or monitored by a traffic management centre
NOTE Roadside modules are usually installed at the roadside arena.
material entity that converts energy into mechanical motion
self-propelled vehicle
motorized road vehicle allowed to operate in the same driving spaces as motorized passenger cars
carriage of goods by at least two different modes of transport.
NOTE In contrast, intermodal transport implies changing from mode to another using the same form of loading unit.
Multimodal transport implies that either there is more than one modal shift, or that loads can be broken into partial loads as part of a modal change.
function within the Transfer Kernel allowing simultaneous support for more that one Application in a single OBU
time variant parameter whose value is unpredictable
range of integers specifying the allowable cardinalities for an instantiation of an element
NOTE 1 to entry The upper bound of the range cannot be below the lower bound. The lower bound shall be a nonnegative integer. The upper bound shall be a nonnegative integer or the special value unlimited, which indicates there is no upper bound on the range.
mobility app that assists a transport user to determine the best route to a destination
material entity that is not and has never been a living organism
also known as Tracing is the process that periodically updates the range and direction of the detected vehicle from an intercepting vehicle over a period of time; thus allowing entitled personnel to approach or intercept the detected vehicle without the necessary use of landmarks or absolute geographic references
part of a paved carriageway that is not a traffic lane, hard shoulder, or lay-by.
EXAMPLE See Figure A.23.
NOTE 1 to entry Hardstanding can include edges of a hard shoulder outside of designated lane markings, slips for future connector roads, etc.
a design in generic terms based on a requirement rather than an exact identification of equipment specification or manufacturers identification
act of providing false or misleading data, operating in such a fashion as to impede other service recipients, or to operate outside of their authorized scope
NOTE 1 to entry This includes suspicious behaviour as in wrong message types or frequencies, invalid logins and
unauthorized access, or incorrect signed or encrypted messages, etc., either purposeful or unintended.
still valid, but is not to be used for new designs
NOTE 1 to entry This is a term that is used in the STATUS field of MIBs to indicate that the associated object no longer represents the preferred design, but the object may still be useful for backwards compatibility with legacy implementations. A deprecated object can be made obsolete with the next or subsequent release of
the standard.
unpaved part of the road reservation not belonging to the carriageway but providing lateral support to it
NOTE 1 to entry Soft shoulders are not normally intended for driving.
NOTE 2 to entry Soft shoulders often have a grass or gravel surface.
electromagnetic signal that can be modulated to carry lower frequency encoded information across an air interface
number and values of the downlink carrier frequencies, which are equal to the frequencies of the continuous wave CW, transmitted by the RSU and used by transponder OBUs for uplink communication; each carrier frequency is the centre frequency of a downlink channel
geographically defined area that seeks to restrict or deter access by specific categories of high-polluting vehicles to improve the air quality within the geographic area
NOTE 1 to entry The low-emissions zone can be dynamic, allowing the operating entity to change the location, boundaries, or time of the low-emissions zone.
rigorous statement of policy, sometimes expressed in the format IF…THEN…ELSE…, that must be followed when the stated conditions are satisfied
collection of related, structured activities or tasks that serves a particular business goal
NOTE 1 to entry Complex business processes may involve many participants and can be made up of other business processes. The simplest business process involving two participants is known as a business transaction.
a methodology based on objects, classes and messages between objects
area of radio coverage consisting of one or more cells controlled by one BSC
NOTE 1 to entry The boundaries of a BSC area and a location area are independent; a location area may span the boundary between BSC area and a BSC area may span the boundary between location areas.
geographic jurisdiction within which a ‘Core System’ provides core services
area of radio coverage consisting of one or more cells controlled by one RNC
NOTE 1 to entry The boundaries of a RNC area and a location area are independent; a location area may span the boundary between RNC area and a RNC area may span the boundary between location areas.
a set of permissible values
percent of time that a detector indicates a vehicle is present over a total time period
any kind of site, building, structure, including also service- or supplemental facilities and equipment
state of being responsible, accountable or answerable, as for an entity, function, system, security service or obligation
short length of paved carriageway at its edge designed to allow a vehicle to draw out of the traffic lanes and stop temporarily
NOTE 1 to entry Lay-bys are not part of a hard shoulder.
NOTE 2 to entry Lay-bys can be used for emergency situations, picking up/dropping off passengers, etc.
prevention of misuse of computer data: legal safeguards to prevent misuse of information stored on computers, particularly information about individual people
právo a povinnosti jednotlivců a organizací týkající se sběru, užití, držení, prozrazení a disponování s osobními údaji+S377
indicator whether the use of data is restricted or not
limits to the purposes which personal data can be used
abstract representation of behaviour invoked in an entity
authorization granted to do something (to the ‘Core System’), permissions are granted to system service recipients and operators determining what actions they are allowed to take when interacting with the ‘Core System’
person in or on a vehicle
NOTE 1 to entry A vehicle occupant in a stationary vehicle is not necessarily a traveller.
implementation of an ITS station in a personal ITS subsystem
NOTE 1 to entry Personal ITS station is used to send the information of each user (drivers and pedestrians) to the roadside ITS station, and receives the safety warning and parking guide service and transfers them to the users.
any data or information related to an individual or legal entity or an association of person or individuals by which the individual or legal entity or association of persons could be identified
NOTE 1 to entry The EU-Dir 95/48/EC names in its Art 2 lit. (a) the personal information as “personal data” and defines it as: “any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person (‘data subject’); an identifiable person is one who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identification number or to one or more factors specific to his physical, physiological, mental, economic, cultural or social identity”.
policy of openness about developments, practices and policies with respect to personal data
part of on-board equipment that provides wireless connectivity to other ITS components external to the vehicle
NOTE 1 to entry An OBU implementation can also include ITS functionality.
the process of parsing an XML document against its schema. To be validated successfully, an XML document must be both well-formed: that is, comprise a set of tags that are syntactically correct XML so that it can be parsed, and valid: that is, conform to any constraints expressed in the document as to data type and integrity of reference.
vehicle system that provides all ITS functionality on-board the vehicle
NOTE 1 to entry ITS on-board equipment relates to any functionality. When there is a need to distinguish between core functionality and that by a special vehicle, the term can be further refined by indicating the type of vehicle to which the on-board equipment relates. For example, emergency vehicle on-board equipment can provide specialized functionality.
NOTE 2 to entry The on-board equipment may also perform other functions.
scale of measurement of data, according to which the differences between values can be quantified in absolute but not relative terms and for which any zero is merely arbitrary
NOTE Interval scaled parameters are applicable in mathematical equations using the operators plus or minus. Interval scales having a zero offset are equal to ratio scales.
EXAMPLE The temperature scale in Celsius is an interval scale, in Kelvin it's a ratio scale.
discrete classification of data, in which data are neither measured nor ordered but subjects are merely allocated to distinct categories
NOTE Nominal scaled parameters are applicable in Boolean equations using the operators equal or not equal.
EXAMPLE A nominal scale parameter for vehicles could consist of cars, trucks, vans and motorcycles.
PDU generated by the Security Subsystem for purposes of establishing the authorisation status of a peer ITS-S application process
period over which the values are determined
<transport service> concurrent operation where transported items can only be received or delivered at stopping points contained in a pre-defined sequence
EXAMPLE Traditional fixed-route bus line.
hardware, operating system, middleware and application development language, which provide a system environment
quality or state of being valid; having legal force
ITS component that provides services in support of one or more other ITS components
EXAMPLE Data distribution system, network time source, cooperative ITS credentials management system.
<WS-SecurityPolicy> collection of (one or more) claims
operating mode of a hard shoulder that allows operation of general-purpose motor vehicles as an extra lane
the roadway radius of curvature is the horizontal radius of curvature of the road on which the subject vehicle is travelling
element of the run-time extension of an Enumeration data type
NOTE It has no relevant substructure, that is, it is atomic. The enumeration literals of a particular Enumeration data type are ordered.
descriptive word or group of words that uniquely labels a data concept within a module
reference to Cryptomaterial allowing that Cryptomaterial to be used in cryptographic operations, i.e. sign, verify, encrypt, decrypt
logical channel in a communications system
NOTE UDP and TCP use port numbers to multiplex data packets from a variety of applications onto a single communications system.
physical element of a node where a link is connected; nodes may have one or more ports;each
port may connect to one or more physical ports on (sub) nodes that are contained within the node
entity that delivers one or more ITS service
NOTE 1 to entry Cooperative ITS services often require multiple entities cooperatively working together to provide a unified service where the individual entities are simultaneously ITS service providers and ITS users.
order of appearance of signal indications during successive periods of a traffic signal cycle
person responsible for the enforcement and monitoring of compliance with the applicable data protection legislation
statement of user need, typically expressed in a single-sentence form to assist with later verification of compliance
area legally reserved for road transport purposes and support
NOTE 1 to entry Support includes physical equipment such as safety devices, signage and controller cabinets as well as access by maintenance vehicles and personnel.
NOTE 2 to entry The road reservation includes all carriageways as well as width to allow for roadside devices, shoulders, verges, footways3.3.3), drainage facilities, sound walls, slopes, embankments, etc.
security requirements to assure confidence in the implementation of functional requirements
rules which specify the representation during transfer of the values of ASN.1 types
NOTE 1 Encoding rules also enable the values to be recovered from the representation, given knowledge of the type.
NOTE 2 For the purpose of specifying encoding rules, the various referenced type (and value) notations, which can provide alternative notations for built-in types (and values), are not relevant.
standardized determination of data encoding to conform to the requirements of ISO 8824, ASN.1
NOTE The Basic Encoding Rules are given in ISO 8825.
standardized determination of data encoding to conform to the requirements of ISO 8824 ASN.1 data notation
NOTE 1 : The packed encoding rules are given in ISO 8825.
NOTE 2 : There are alternate forms of encoding, such as basic encoding rules (BER). Within ITS standards, reference to ASN.1 also implies the use of packed encoding rules as specified in ISO 8825.
container for attributeValues (OCTET STRING) with the length equal to zero
exactness of the measurement of a data value or of the storage allocated to a measured data value
NOTE 1 to entry Alternatively, the closeness of measurements of the same phenomenon repeated under exactly the same conditions and using the same techniques.
process based on data element transformation
set of requirements and selected options from base standards or international standardized profiles used to provide a specific functionality selection of possible, optional elements
queuing discipline (also referred to as strict or fixed priority queuing), where a number of queues are served in priority order; a lower priority queue is served if all higher priority queues are empty, each queue is served in First-Come-First-Serve order, each user goes head of the line of the users of lower priorities but behind all users of equal or higher priority
content of the electronic business transactions exchanged described with an aim to function as part of a formal agreement
consistent and standardised set of cross layer parameters in a specific DSRC implementation identified by a unique number
US standard developed by APTA for introducing advanced ITS technologies into PT to improve safety, security, and efficiency
a statement of what objective results are to be provided by the standard and how it is intended to achieve the vision
statement made by the supplier of an implementation or system claimed to conform to a given specification, stating which capabilities have been implemented
requirement, capability, or other property of a web service (WS-Policy)
reference model developed by ISO to enable different or similar systems to dialogue with one another
NOTE 1 This model constitutes a reference framework for describing data exchanges. Each layer performs a service at the request of the adjacent higher layer, and in turn, requests more basic services from the lower layers. It is described in 7 layers.
NOTE 2 Open systems interconnection (OSI) is an international effort to facilitate communications among computers of different manufacture and technology.
identification, version and date of the spatial data set used
circumstances, objects, and conditions that surround a system to be built
NOTE 1 to entry It includes technical, political, commercial, cultural, organizational, and physical influences, as well as standards and policies that govern what a system shall do or how it will do it.
comprehensive set of interfaces, services, and supporting formats, plus user aspects, for interoperability and/or portability of applications, data, or people, as specified by information technology standards and profiles
<system> context determining the setting and circumstances of all influences upon a system
NOTE 1 to entry The environment of a system includes developmental, technological, business, operational, organizational, political, economic, legal, regulatory, ecological and social influences.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011, 3.8]
connectionless protocol from the TCP/IP set , belonging to the transport layer; similar to TCP, it uses protocol IP, but does the delivery without confirmation
logistical framework for the agreement between a service provider and a user
NOTE 1 to entry The logistical framework can set restrictions on how a passenger and/or good is received, transported and/or delivered.
term used to describe different operational component properties/specifications
portion of carriageway designed to accommodate a single line of moving road vehicles
NOTE 1 to entry The term “lane” is often used to refer to a “traffic lane” when the context is known to be “traffic”.
NOTE 2 to entry A traffic lane can be bi-directional, such as a single lane road, a two-way turn/overtaking lane, or a reversible flow lane.
NOTE 3 to entry Some jurisdictions allow supplemental uses of a traffic lane, such as multiple motorcycles sharing the width of a traffic lane or allowing a bicycle to use the edge of a lane.
<generic> portion of road reservation intended to accommodate a single line of moving material entities along its length
EXAMPLE Traffic lane, cycle lane, sidewalk.
NOTE 1 to entry Lanes are often bounded by lane markings.
NOTE 2 to entry Lanes may be significantly wider than the normal vehicle width to allow variance in lane position of the vehicle as well as for various vehicle dimensions.
NOTE 3 to entry The “lane” nomenclature typically refers to motor vehicle usage, but can also refer to other purposes, such as sidewalks.
signal face displaying signal indications to permit or prohibit the use of specific lanes of a roadway or to indicate the impending prohibition of such use
NOTE 1 to entry Typically, these are arrow displays of varying colours.
NOTE 2 to entry This document does not attempt to use signal colours/indications to reflect the allowed vehicle operation, rather, the permitted movements are indicated and the state of the movement as explained later herein. Each region has unique mechanisms for using the display signals to indicate the movement(s) allowed.
industrial Ethernet is the name given to the use of the Ethernet protocol in an industrial environment, for automation and machine control
information security product or system for the subject of security evaluation
condition that must exist or be established before something can occur or be considered
examination that a product, process, or service is in conformity with the system specification
process of switching a communications transaction in progress from one communication cell to another or between radio channels in the same cell
NOTE Handover is used to allow established sessions to continue when mobile stations move from one cell/AP to another and as a method for minimizing co-channel interference.
number of bits per second, independent of the data coding
set of services which are responsible for providing a virtually error-free, point-to-point connection so that host A can send data packets to host B and they will arrive uncorrupted
NOTE Connection-oriented transport profiles may also ensure that the data packets arrive in the correct order.
service that provides end-system to end-system communications without any connection set-up
EXAMPLE UDP/IP.
measure of closeness of results of observations, computations, or estimates to the true values or the values accepted as being true
added lane which is branched from another lane
official registration to participate
geo-physical area of an intersection used for an approaching vehicle to request a pre-empt or priority request of a traffic signal
lane of travel sharing one lane boundary with the lane in which the subject vehicle is traveling and having the same direction of travel as the subject vehicle lane
electronic device that is connected using one or more communication media
vehicle that contains a connected device
admittance, entry, permit to use the road network and/or associated infrastructure (bridges, tunnels etc.)
ITS roadside equipment that perform ITS services by exchanging electronic message with nearby vehicle systems and/or personal systems via short-range wireless technologies
NOTE 1 to entry Connected roadside equipment typically provides ITS-related functionality but the term includes roadside equipment that only provide the ITS service of routing for short-range wireless technologies.
NOTE 2 to entry The term “connected vehicle roadside equipment” is used within the current version of the Architecture Reference for Cooperative and Intelligent Transportation (ARC-IT).
characteristic of a material entity that is equipped with enabled (i.e. on) and operational electronic communication technologies to support ITS services, including the means to send and receive data to and from other connected entities
NOTE 1 to entry The term “connected” does not imply support for any specific communications interface or ITS-S application process.
beacon, antenna or similar source of signal propagation and receipt together with equipment to manage communication sessions with users operating within the operating reach of the network access point and provide connectivity for the users within the operating reach of the single access point to a wider communications network
NOTE 1 to entry A network access point may, but does not need to provide homogeneous or heterogeneous handover to another network access point.
interface point between data link layer and application layer that has a unique Link Identifier and that allows layers to communicate
access key for a system operator
procedures and protocols to provision and retrieve data
function to adapt the communication media (air interface propagated modulation) to communication and computing equipment
DATEX-ASN publication (reply) that is sent directly over the given transport profile, in contrast with a file publication
DATEX-ASN publication (reply) that is stored on the server’s file system until the client has an opportunity to retrieve it via a file transfer protocol, in contrast with datagram publication
structure expressed in diagrams, text, and formal rules which relates the components of a conceptual entity to each other; particular set of beliefs, ideas referred to in order to describe a scenario or solve a problem
legal agreement or order that restricts or prohibits the use of the highway network
period of time during which a client and a server exchange multiple data packets
layer that manages the dialogue between end-user application processes including restart, termination, and checkpointing
NOTE The session layer constitutes layer 5 of the OSI model.
algorithm that uses a block cipher to provide an information service such as confidentiality or authenticity
meta-data which define what time stamping is applied to the data objects
specified responsibilities
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 11179-3:2013, 3.2.121]
ITS-S user need expressed as a formal set of interoperability requirements that need to be fulfilled to satisfy a portion of functionality of an ITS application
set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications
[SOURCE: ISO 17627:2009, 2.4, modified]
NOTE 1 to entry An API expresses a software component in terms of its operations, inputs, outputs, and underlying types; it defines functionalities that are independent of their respective implementations, which
allows definitions and implementations to vary without compromising the interface. An API can also assist otherwise distinct applications with sharing data, which can help to integrate and enhance the functionalities of
the applications.
NOTE 2 to entry APIs often come in the form of a library that includes specifications for routines, data structures,
object classes, and variables. In addition to accessing databases or computer hardware, such as hard disk drives or video cards, an API can be used to ease the work of programming graphical user interface components.
the lower and upper optical wavelength describe the optical bandwidth of an IR radiátor; both the lower and upper optical wavelength of an IR radiator are defined by the reduction of the peak intensity by 3dB, taking into account the effects of temperature and component deviations
prevention of unauthorized use of a resource, including the prevention of use of a resource in an unauthorized manner
refers to the use of a neighbouring DSRC channel by two or more emissions
network designed for use in automotives, which:
a) uses a single terminated twisted pair cable;
b) is multi master;
c) uses a maximum signal frequency used is 1 Mbit/sec;
d) has a typical length of 40 M at 1 Mbit/sec up to 10 KM at 5 Kbits/sec;
e) has high reliability with extensive error checking;
f) has a typical maximum achieveable data rate of 40 KBytes/sec;
g) has a maximum latency of high priority message <120 μsec at 1 Mbit/sec
NOTE 1 to entry CAN is unusual in that the entities on the network, called nodes, are not given specific addresses.
Instead, it is the messages themselves that have an identifier which also determines the messages’ priority. For this reason, there is no theoretical limit to the number of nodes, although in practice it is ~64.
link that represents a contiguous length of a road link characterized by the same physical characteristics
NOTE 1 to entry The definition of road segments is highly dependent on which characteristics are modelled by the implementation. Characteristics that can result in a new road segment include addition or subtraction of a lane, a change in roadway width, the change of road type (e.g. start/end of a bridge), etc.
roadway comprised of exactly one carriageway
NOTE 1 to entry The World Road Association (PIARC) term is “single carriageway road” and is recognized as a preferred term. As per the definitions provided in this document, “single carriageway road segment” is more accurate and is the most preferred term. The term “single carriageway” by itself is not preferred but admitted.
NOTE 2 to entry A single carriageway road segment could have multiple lanes and could allow travel in opposite directions
NOTE 3 to entry The term “undivided highway” is the equivalent American English term.
roadway comprised of more than two carriageways
NOTE 1 to entry The PIARC term is “multiple carriageway road” and is recognized as a preferred term. As per the definitions provided in this document, “dual carriageway road segment”3.1.8) is more accurate and is the most preferred term. The term “dual carriageway” by itself is not preferred but admitted.
NOTE 2 to entry The separate carriageways are typically designed for separate traffic for (often multiple) specific operational reasons, such as direction of travel, category of vehicle (e.g. high occupancy vehicle), local versus through travel, etc.
operational model where services are provided to a single user at any one time
EXAMPLE Traditional taxi service.
NOTE 1 to entry A single transport consumer can request the transport of multiple passengers.
meaning, including concept(s), associated with a given data concept
roadway comprised of exactly two carriageways
NOTE 1 to entry The PIARC term is “dual carriageway road” and is recognized as a preferred term. As per the definitions provided in this document, “dual carriageway road segment” is more accurate and is the most preferred term. The term “dual carriageway” by itself is not preferred but admitted.
NOTE 2 to entry The term “divided highway” is the equivalent American English term and equates to two or more carriageways.
NOTE 3 to entry The two carriageways are typically designed for travel in opposite directions.
section of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel and parking lanes, or that portion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular travel and parking lanes, but exclusive of the sidewalk, berm, or shoulder even though such sidewalk, berm, or shoulder is used by persons riding bicycles or other human-powered vehicles
communication bus with measured inputs and controlled outputs
computer or application which receives and responds to requests for data from client computers or applications using some kind of protocol
signed list indicating a set of certificates that are no longer considered valid by the certificate issuer
adherence of a candidate's implementation to a standard
certificate of conformity granted to a product that meets a minimum set of regulatory, technical and safety requirements, generally, by regulation required before certain products are allowed to be sold
NOTE 1 to entry Often called ‘Homologation’ approval based on conformity testing on the basis of one or more specimens of a product representative of the production
illumination of a signal lens or equivalent device
set of traffic signals providing a signal indication that governs the vehicle/pedestrian/bicycle manoeuvres possible for a set of one or more lanes
interconnected collection of roads
layer that provides functional and procedural means of transferring variable length data sequences from a source to a destination
NOTE The network layer constitutes layer 3 of the OSI model.
vehicle meeting the requirements to operate within the driving space of a road
NOTE 1 to entry Unless indicated otherwise, the term typically refers to vehicles that are allowed to operate in the same driving spaces as motorized passenger cars, according to the legal requirements of the local jurisdictional entity. However, the term can be contextualized for other environments. For example, a bicycle is a “road vehicle” when the “road” is a cycleway.
infrastructure framework for the agreement between a service provider and a user
complex attribute attribute consisting of two or more atomic values and/or attributes
function performed by the Transfer Kernel to map multiple Application Layer Protocol Data Units or Application Layer Protocol Data Layer Fragments into one Data Link Layer Service Data Unit
provision of one or more capabilities, functionalities or facilities to enable one or more tasks to fulfil a need
the Short Data Service is designed to send relatively short messages (up to 2047 bits) or predefined status messages and is implemented as part of signalling of the system TETRA
functional entity responsible for establishing secure communications sessions with its peer instances
legal framework for the agreement between a service provider and a user
NOTE 1 to entry Contracts can be via a third party, implied or verbal, especially in the case of peer-to-peer.
mobile network operator which has responsibility for provisioning and managing a specific SIM
operational model where services can be provided to multiple users at any one time
logical set of data elements selected by semantic relation
NOTE Data set is used only for better understanding and is fully independent from implementation solutions.
data structure broadcast from the RSU to the OBUs
individual's or legal entity's (data subject) explicitly or implicitly freely given agreement to the processing of its PI in the course of which the data subject has been in advance completely informed about the purpose, the legal basis and the third parties, receiving data subject’s PI, and all these in a comprehensible form
any freely given specific and informed written indication of his wishes by which the data subject signifies his agreements to personal data relating to him being processed
right of individuals to control or influence what information related to them may be collected and stored and by whom and to whom that information may be disclosed
private key which defines the private decipherment transformation
key of an entity's asymmetric key pair which should only be used by that entity
NOTE In the case of an asymmetric signature system the private key defines the signature transformation. In the case of an asymmetric encipherment system the private key defines the decipherment transformation.
private key which defines the private signature transformation
refers to the use of a neighbouring DSRC channel by two or more emissions
NOTE It is possible that a DSRC channel has either one or two adjacent channels.
non-scheduled, non-fixed route public transport services for customers requiring special assistance and access to specific destinations at a user-requested time (e.g., disabled or elderly persons)
explicit and detailed description of the nature and functional requirements and minimum performance of equipment, service or a combination of both
purposes for which personal data are collected
the exact equipment specification or manufacturers identification as installed in a deployment
locus of relations among nodes
NOTE 1 to entry It provides interconnections between nodes for communication and coordination; may be
implemented by a wired connection or with some radio frequency (RF) or optical communications media; links
implement the primary function of transporting data; links connect to nodes at a port.
<road network> component of a road model that represents a connection between two nodes
NOTE 1 to entry A link can be curvilinear and can have various attributes such as width.
link that represents a lane of a road link
NOTE 1 to entry A lane segment3.5.10) can start or end at locations other than the start or end of the corresponding road segment (e.g. a lane can start mid-block).
NOTE 2 to entry A lane segment only includes the sequential lane links, it does not include lane links from adjacent lanes.